It gives me immense pleasure to share my thoughts and views on nursing, so that it would be helpful for you all to understand the concepts of nursing in an easier way. I have done this based on the INC syllabus for I year BSc nursing. In future we will discuss regarding the consecutive years.
I'm also running an YouTube Channel named "Nursing Abstract" in both English and Tamil with the slides which I'm posting here. Which would be helpful for the students to understand the topics better. For brief content about the topics you can refer and add on to the notes. I'm giving the link of the YouTube channel you can refer for an explanation on these slides:
https://youtube.com/channel/UCZrabu-CtMa5AEexu1j2GNw
Today we are discussing about the main gist of anatomy & physiology. I have been using the book "Ross & Wilson" from my I year .I have used the book and internet for my reference. If you have any doubts please feel free to share in the comments or through mail so that it would be very helpful to take this blog in a right dimension. I'm posting these slides in both English and Tamil. This is the English video link: https://youtu.be/NvSaKIvsOyA
Tamil video link: https://youtu.be/_7eaypx8TEM
Definition of Anatomy:
It is the study of structure of the body and the physical relationship between its constituent parts.
Definition of Physiology:
It is the study of how the body system work and the ways in which their integrated activities maintain life and health of the individual
CELL:
It is the smallest independent unit of living matter.
In a body trillions of cells are present.
In a human body cells with similar structures and functions found together forming tissues
INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT :
Water based medium
Cell is bathed in interstitial fluid or tissue fluid.
EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:
Source of oxygen & nutrients.
Waste products are excreted (skin).
PLASMA MEMBRANE
It encloses the cell which provides selective materials to pass through it .this property is called as selective permeability.
BLOOD:
The blood transports substances around the body through a large network of blood vessels.
In an adult body approximately 5-6 liters of blood are present
CONTENTS OF BLOOD:
It consists of plasma(fluid) and the blood cells(which is suspended in plasma).
PLASMA:
It consist mainly water with many substances dissolved in it.
It consists of nutrients absorbed from the alimentary canal.
Oxygen absorbed from the lungs.
Chemical substances synthesized by the body cells (hormones).
Waste materials produced by all the cells to be eliminated from the body by excretion.
BLOOD CELLS:
The blood cells are suspended in plasma.
The 3 main components are
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Leukocytes(WBC)
Platelets(Thrombocytes
ERYTHROCYTES (RBC):
It transports oxygen and sometimes carbon dioxide between the lungs and the body cells.
LEUKOCYTES (WBC) :
It provides immunity against infection and foreign substances.
They are larger and numerous than erythrocytes.
These are 5 types of WBC.
Monocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
PLATELETS:
They are also called as thrombocytes.
They are tiny cell fragments mainly used for blood clotting.
pH SCALE (POTENTIAL OF HYDROGEN):
It is a scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of the aqueous solution.
It ranges from 0-14.
7 is neutral.
pH less than 7 is acidic and greater than 7 is basic.
When pH is below 7.35 all the reserve of alkaline buffers are used and ACIDOSIS exist.
When pH is above 7.45 all the acid reserve are used up and ALKALOSIS exists.
Body tend to produce more acid than alkali.
Kidneys regulate blood pH by adjusting the excretion of hydrogen and bicarbonate ion.
If pH is low H+(hydrogen) ion excretion is high .
If pH is high HCO3(bicarbonate) excretion is low .
The lungs help to control the pH by regulating the levels of excreted CO2.If the H+ Ion is increases the brain will cause increased breathing and releases CO2 and the H+ Ion will become low.
If the blood pH becomes basic the HCO3 Ion is increased then the brain decreased respiration and the CO2 level will increase.
CO2+H2O 
H2CO3 
HCO3 + H+
(carbon dioxide + water
carbonic acid bicarbonate ion +hydrogen ion).
Carbon dioxide must be eliminated mainly to maintain the pH range.
It is dissolved in body fluids to make acid solution.
So increased carbon dioxide leads to increased acidity.
ATOMS & MOLECULES:
In an atom the 2 main components are ELECTRONS &NUCLEUS.
The nucleus is made up of PROTONS AND NEUTRONS.
The nucleus is in the center and the electrons are revolving around it.
The maximum number of electron in each cell is 32 and the minimum is 2.
ELECTRONS:
They are negatively charged.
They are revolving around the nucleus.
Because opposite electric charge attract each other ,negative electrons are attracted towards positive nucleus.
They are smaller than nucleus of an atom.
PROTONS &NEUTRONS:
Protons are positively charged and neutrons have no electrical charge.
ATOMIC NUMBER= NUMBER OF PROTONS.
MASS NUMBER (ATOMIC WEIGHT/ATOMIC MASS)=NUMBER OF PROTONS + NUMBER OF NEUTRONS.
Protons are bound together in atom’s nucleus as a result of strong nuclear force.
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Thank you for supporting me . ;I'll try my level best to give the accurate and updated knowledge in all the topics . please visit my YouTube channel named Nursing Abstract ; for viewing a brief explanation in both Tamil and English . see you again in my next post.