Hello everyone, In today's topic we are going to discuss about the what a standard 12 Lead ECG is about and through by a glance of ECG how we can interpret which area is affected. I have made this content in a video format in Tamil and English. If you have any doubts kindly post in the comment section below.
Tamil video:https://youtu.be/61TVnD2xeYs
English video:https://youtu.be/pJ3wEGcw7OY
HOW TO INTERPRET AN ECG:
STANDARD ECG:
In standard ECG there are 10 electrodes .
4 limb electrodes – left arm and leg ,right arm and leg.
In where right leg is a neutral lead.
6 Precordial electrodes. i.e. V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,V6 which are placed around the chest.
Heart is a 3 dimensional organ .so V1-V6 are lined in a transverse or horizontal plane of the chest.
The electrodes detect the charge outside the cells.
Usually the dipole will be more towards the positive electrode
Each electrode will detect any wave of positive charge coming around them.
12 LEAD ECG:
In coronal plane , the non neutral leads are called the Augmented Vector Right {avR} and Augmented Vector Left {avL}.
Both are reported as vector that are 30degree up from the horizontal lines.
AVF is straight down .
These avL, avR, avF detect any positive deflection coming towards them.
There are also bipolar limb leads called as lead I,II,III which are recorded using 2 electrodes instead of 1.
Lead I uses Right arm as –ve LA +ve.
Forming a vector goes to right.
Lead II RA – ve and LL + ve.
Lead III LA –ve and LL +ve.
In total 6 limb leads and 6 chest leads which is a 12 lead ECG.
It helps to know about the different views of the heart. Making it easier to see how the depolarization occurs in the heart.
The 6 chest leads V1-V6 detects the depolarization wave forming the QRS Complex.
Mostly depolarization wave negative in V1 and V2 . Isoelectric in V3. Positive in V4,V5,V6.
INTERPRETING ECG:
All the limb leads and the chest leads are grouped together based on the regions of the heart they are present.
Problems in the specific leads means problem in the specific region of the heart that may be affected by a disease.
Lead II,III,AVF – INFERIOR LEADS.
The inferior part receives blood from the right coronary artery.
Lead I,AVL,V5,V6 – LATERAL LEADS
The lateral part receives blood from the left circumflex artery.
V1,V2 – SEPTAL LEADS.
They are nearest to the inter ventricular septum.
V3,V4- ANTERIOR LEADS.
They are very nearer to the anterior wall of the heart.
LEAD II – RHYTHM STRIP.
It is used to calculate the heart rate and diagnose the abnormal cardiac rhythms.
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